Blink Cocoa

h1. Building a Python Framework to bundle inside Blink

In order to avoid using the system Python a custom Framework build is needed. Using a bundled Python version will make the package bigger in size, but all package versions are controlled and not up to the environment. Also, we can use the latest Python version, with latest bugfixes and features, since Apple only updates the system Python version on every major OS release.

The following instructions only apply for 64bit builds, 32bit builds are no longer supported.

Blink dependencies must be installed under the following directory structure:

* Distribution/Frameworks/

* Distribution/Resources/lib

h2. Building the Python Framework itself

* Install it using Homebrew

<pre>

brew install python (this may install python 3)

To install 2.7:

brew install python2

or

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18671253/how-can-i-use-homebrew-to-install-both-python-2-and-3-on-mac

brew install pyenv

pyenv install 2.7

</pre>

The framework will be installed and linked with Homebrew supplied OpenSSL and SQLite versions. Those libraries will need to be copied too.

*NOTE*: Be careful when copying the framework around, it contains symlinks and if @cp -r@ is used the size will we doubled, use @cp -a@ instead.

The Python framework is found in

<pre>

cp -a /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_2/Frameworks/Python.framework ~/work/blink/Distribution/Frameworks/

</pre>

* Reduce the size of the Python Framework:

There are a number of things that can (and must when submitting a sandbox app to Mac App Store) be removed from the framework directory to make it smaller in size:

<pre>

cd ~/work/blink/Distribution/Frameworks//Python.framework

cd Versions/2.7

ln -sf Current 2.7

cd ~/work/blink/Distribution/Frameworks//Python.framework

ln -sf Versions/Current/Headers .

ln -sf Versions/Current/Python .

ln -sf Versions/Current/Resources .

find . -name *.pyc -exec rm -r "{}" \; 

find . -name *.pyo -exec rm -r "{}" \; 

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/config/python.o

rm -r Versions/Current/bin

rm -r Versions/Current/Resources/*

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/test

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/plat-*

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/idlelib

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/curses

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/lib2to3

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/lib-tk

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/bsddb

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/gdbm.so

rm -r Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/readline.so

rm -r Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages

</pre>

Replace @Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/site.py@ with an empty file.

<pre>

rm ~/work/blink/Distribution/Frameworks//Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/site.py

touch ~/work/blink/Distribution/Frameworks//Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/site.py

</pre>

Python Framework needs file a Info.plist file under Resources in order to be compatible with latest OSX bundle structure:

<pre>

cp build_scripts/PythonFramework.plist Distribution/Frameworks/Python.framework/Resources/Info.plist           

</pre>

h2. Compiling PyObjC

In order to get a PyObjC version that will work with the framework created above (Python 2.7, 64bits) an equivalent Python must be used to compile it. That is, if has to be a Python 2.7 version (it doesn't have to be the exact version) and it has to be a 64bit version. The MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET must also be set to the appropriate value.

PyObjcC can be installed with easy_install or pip. We install it in 2 steps to save some compilation time due to a bug in the build system:

<pre>

pip install pyobjc-core

pip install pyobjc

pip install pycrypto

</pre>

When compiling PyObjC a Python package will be created for every system framework, but not all of them are needed (at the moment), so just pick the ones we use:

<pre>

AddressBook

AppKit

Cocoa

CoreFoundation

Foundation

JavaScriptCore

LaunchServices

PyObjCTools

Quartz

ScriptingBridge

StoreKit

WebKit

objc

</pre>

For example this is the content of a Resources/lib bundled with Blink Cocoa as of November 3rd, 2016 (including sipsimple dependencies & all):

<pre>

AVFoundation

AddressBook

AppKit

Cocoa

CoreFoundation

Crypto

Foundation

LaunchServices

PyObjCTools

Quartz

ScriptingBridge

WebKit

_cffi_backend.so

_ldap.so

_markerlib

application

cffi

cjson.so

cryptography

cryptography-1.5.1.dist-info

dateutil

dns

dsml.py

enum

eventlib

formencode

gmpy2.so

gnutls

greenlet.so

idna

ipaddress.py

ldap

ldapurl.py

ldif.py

lxml

msrplib

objc

otr

pkg_resources

pyasn1

pycparser

pydispatch

pytz

service_identity

sipsimple

six.py

sqlobject

twisted

xcaplib

</pre>

*NOTE:* The _objc_ package is located inside a _PyObjC_ directory, just copy it from there, without the parent directory.

<pre>

__import__('pkg_resources').declare_namespace(__name__)

</pre>

h2. Fix library paths

All libraries must have their relative path change to the Framework path bundled within Blink.app

<pre>

#!/bin/sh

old_path="local/lib/\|local/Cellar/\|/usr/local/opt/libmpc/lib/\|/usr/local/opt/mpfr/lib/\|Frameworks/Frameworks/\|/Users/adigeo/work/ag-projects/video/local/lib/"

new_path="@executable_path/../Frameworks/"

for library in $@; do

  install_name_tool -id $new_path$library $library

  dependencies=$(otool -L $library | grep $old_path | awk '{print $1}')

  for dependency in $dependencies; do

      new_basename=$(basename $dependency)

      new_name="$new_path$new_basename"

      echo $dependency $new_name $library

      install_name_tool -change $dependency $new_name $library

  done

done

</pre>

A script is available in ./build_scripts/ directory

<pre>

./build_scripts/change_lib_names.sh Distribution/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/*.so

chmod +w Distribution/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/Python

./build_scripts/change_lib_names.sh Distribution/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/Python

</pre>

*NOTE*: Python.framework as well as all other libraries must be signed using command line tools. Make sure when building Blink that "Code sign on copy" option is disabled for Python.framework. This script can be used to sign all libraries and frameworks

<pre>

sos=`find ./Resources/lib -name *.so`; for s in $sos; do codesign -f -s '3rd Party Mac Developer Application: AG Projects' $s; done

sos=`find ./Frameworks -name *.dylib`; for s in $sos; do codesign -f -s '3rd Party Mac Developer Application: AG Projects' $s; done

sos=`find ./Frameworks -name *.so`; for s in $sos; do codesign -f -s '3rd Party Mac Developer Application: AG Projects' $s; done

sos=`find ./Frameworks -name *.o`; for s in $sos; do codesign -f -s '3rd Party Mac Developer Application: AG Projects' $s; done

sos=`find ./Frameworks -name *.a`; for s in $sos; do codesign -f -s '3rd Party Mac Developer Application: AG Projects' $s; done

</pre>

A script is available in ./build_scripts/ directory

<pre>

./build_scripts/codesign.sh 

</pre>

h2. Module exceptions

When copying built Python modules into the distribution folder, care must be taken with the 2 following packages:

* zope: an empty @__init__.py@ file must be created in the @zope@ directory

* cryptography: the @*-dist.info@ must be copied too

* _PyObjCTools_ is not a valid Python package, as it lacks a @__init__.py@ file, an empty one needs to be manually created with this content:

h1. Creating a sandbox (Python virtualenv)

<pre>

sudo easy_install pip

sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper

</pre>

Add to ~.bashrc

<pre>

# Virtualenv

export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs

export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME

export PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=true

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_SCRIPT=/usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

[[ -f /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper_lazy.sh ]] && source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper_lazy.sh

</pre>

Creating a sandbox:

<pre>

mkvirtualenv -p $(which python2.7) sandbox

</pre>

Exiting the sandbox:

<pre>

deactivate

</pre>

Entering the sandbox:

<pre>

workon sandbox

</pre>